Green Tea and EGCg References

General

University of Maryland Medical Center Database for alternative and complementary medicine.

SupplementWatch review of Green Tea and EGCg.

Antioxidant

Rietveld A, Wiseman S. Antioxidant effects of tea: evidence from human clinical trials. J Nutr. 2003 Oct;133(10):3285S-3292S.

Erba, D. et. al. Effectiveness of moderate green tea consumption on antioxidative status and plasma lipid profile in humans. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Mar;16(3):144-9.

Gordon MH (1998) Dietary antioxidants in disease prevention. Nat Prod Rep 13, 265-73

Leanderson P,  et. al. Green tea polyphenols inhibit oxidant-induced DNA strand breakage in cultured lung cells. Free Radic Biol Med, 310(6981):235-42 1997

Anderson JW, Diwadkar VA, Bridges SR. Selective effects of different antioxidants on oxidation of lipoproteins from rats. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1998 Sep;218(4):376-81.

Benzie IF, Szeto YT, Strain JJ, Tomlinson B. Consumption of green tea causes rapid increase in plasma antioxidant power in humans. Nutr Cancer. 1999;34(1):83-7.

Hasegawa R, Chujo T, Sai-Kato K, Umemura T, Tanimura A, Kurokawa Y. Preventive effects of green tea against liver oxidative DNA damage and hepatotoxicity in rats treated with 2-nitropropane. Food Chem Toxicol. 1995 Nov;3

Satoh K, Sakagami H. Ascorbyl radical scavenging activity of polyphenols. Anticancer Res. 1996 Sep-Oct;16(5A):2885-90.

Xu Y, Ho CT, Amin SG, Han C, Chung FL. Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and its major polyphenol as antioxidants. Cancer Res. 1992 Jul 15;52(14):3875-9.

Ruch R. Prevention of cytotoxicity and inhibition of intercellular communication by antioxidant catechins isolated from Chinese green tea. Carcinogenesis. 1989;10:1003-1008.

Satoh K, Sakagami H. Ascorbyl radical scavenging activity of polyphenols. Anticancer Res. 1996;16:2885-2890.

Serafini M, Ghiselli A, Ferro-Luzzi A. In vivo antioxidant effect of green and black tea in man. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996;50:28-32.

Ali M, Afzal M, Gubler C, Burka J. A potent thromboxane formation inhibitor in green tea leaves. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1990;40:281-283.

Uchida S, et. al. Prolongation of life span of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) ingesting persimmon tannin. Chem Pharm Bull 38:1049,1990.

Arthritis

Adcocks, C, Collin, P., Buttle, D., Catechins from green tea (Camellia sinensis) inhibit bovine and human cartilage proteoglycan and Type II collagen degradation In Vitro. J. Nutr. 132:341-346, 2002.

Hill, Suzette, Alphabet Soup: An A-to-Z Guide to Favorite Foods. Arhtritis Today.  December 2004.

Hussain T, Gupta S, Adhami VM, Mukhtar H. Green tea constituent epigallocatechin-3-gallate selectively inhibits COX-2 without affecting COX-1 expression in human prostate carcinoma cells. Int J Cancer, 2004 Sep 28.

Blood Sugar

Wu, LY. et. al. Effect of green tea supplementation on insulin sensitivity in Sprague-Dawley rats.  J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Feb 11;52(3):643-8.

Tsuneki H, et. al. Effect of green tea on blood glucose levels and serum proteomic patterns in diabetic (db/db) mice and on glucose metabolism in healthy humans. BMC Pharmacol. 4(1):18, 2004 Aug 26

Anderson RA, Polansky MM. Tea enhances insulin activity. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Nov 20;50(24):7182-6.

Brewing Up the Latest Tea Research. Agricultural Research, September 2003 - Vol. 51, No. 9.

Cancer

January 2005 Harvard Health Letter.

Katiyar s, et al (1996) Tea in chemopreventioin of cancer; epidemiological and experimental studies (review), Int J Oncol 8; 221-38

Hertog MGL, et al (1995) Flavonoid intake and long-term risk of coronary heart disease and cancer in the seven countries study, Arch Int Med 155-382

Mukhtar, H. et al. (1992) Anticarcinogenic effects of (-) epigallocatechin gallate. Preventive Medicine, 21, 351-360.

Schwarz, B. et al. (1994) Coffee, tea and lifestyle. Prev. Med. 23 : 377-384.

Weisburger, J.H.et al. (1994). Prevention of heterocyclic amine formation by tea and tea polyphenols. Cancer Lett. 83 : 143-147.

Sasaki, Y.F. et al. (1993) The aclastogen-suppressing effects of green tea, Po-lei tea and Rooi bos tea in CHO cells and mice. Mutat. Res. 286 : 221-232.

Gupta S, Ahmad N, Mohan RR, Husain MM, Mukhtar H. Prostate cancer chemoprevention by green tea: in vitro and in vivo inhibition of testosterone-mediated induction of ornithine decarboxylase. Cancer Res. 1999 May 1;59(9):

Hirose M, Hoshiya T, Akagi K, Futakuchi M, Ito N. Inhibition of mammary gland carcinogenesis by green tea catechins and other naturally occurring antioxidants in female Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with 7,12-dimethylbe

Lin JK, Liang YC, Lin-Shiau SY. Cancer chemoprevention by tea polyphenols through mitotic signal transduction blockade. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Sep 15;58(6):911-5.

Muramatsu K, Fukuyo M, Hara Y. Effect of green tea catechins on plasma cholesterol level in cholesterol-fed rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1986 Dec;32(6):613-22.

Sato D. Inhibition of urinary bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine in rats by green tea. Int J Urol. 1999 Feb;6(2):93-9.

Tanaka H, Hirose M, Kawabe M, Sano M, Takesada Y, Hagiwara A, Shirai T. Post-initiation inhibitory effects of green tea catechins on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis in female Sprague-

Wang ZY, Huang MT, Ho CT, Chang R, Ma W, Ferraro T, Reuhl KR, Yang CS, Conney AH. Inhibitory effect of green tea on the growth of established skin papillomas in mice. Cancer Res. 1992 Dec 1;52(23):6657-65.

Weisburger JH, Rivenson A, Aliaga C, Reinhardt J, Kelloff GJ, Boone CW, Steele VE, Balentine DA, Pittman B, Zang E. Effect of tea extracts, polyphenols, and epigallocatechin gallate on azoxymethane-induced colon cancer.

Zhu M, Gong Y, Ge G. Effects of green tea on growth inhibition and immune regulation of Lewis lung cancer in mice. Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa Chih. 1997 Nov;31(6):325-9.

Oguni I, Nasu K, Kanaya S, Nomura T, Yamamoto S, Hara Y. A preliminary study on the protection against cancer risk by green tea drinking. Shizuoka, Japan: University of Shizuoka Hamamatsu College.

Sato Y, et al. Effects of green tea consumption on the reduction of brain-stroke history. J Exp Med. 1989;157:337-343.

Shim J, Kang M, Kim Y, Roh J, Roberts C, Lee I. Chemoprotective effect of green tea (Camellia sinensis) among cigarette smokers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1995;4:387-391.

Brody J.. Scientists seeking possible wonder drugs in tea. The New York Times. New York; March 14, 1991.

Hirose M, Hoshiya T, Akagi K, Takahashi S, Hara Y, Ito N. Effects of green tea catechins in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model. Carcinogenesis. 1993;14:1549-1553.

Khan S, Katiyar S, Agarwal R, Mukhtar H. Enhancement of antioxidant and phase II enzymes by oral feeding of green tea polyphenols in drinking water to SKH-1 hairless mice: possible role in cancer chemoprevention. Cancer Res. 1992;52:4050-4052.

Yamane T, Nakatani H, Kikuoka N, et al. Inhibitory effects and toxicity of green tea polyphenols for gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. Cancer. 1996;77 (8 Suppl):1662-1667.

Ji B, Chow W, McLaughlin A, et al. Green tea consumption and the risk of pancreatic and colorectal cancers. Int J Cancer. 1997;70:255-258.

Araki R, Inoue S, Osbourne M, Telang N. Chemoprevention of mammary neoplasia. In vitro effects of a green tea polyphenol. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1995;768:215-222.

Liao S, Umekita Y, Guo J, Kokontis J, Hiipakka R. Growth inhibition and regression of human prostate and breast tumors in athymic mice by tea epigallocatechin gallate. Cancer Lett. 1995;96:239

Wang Z, Huang M, Ho C, et al. Inhibitory effect of green tea on the growth of established skin papillomas in mice. Cancer Res. 1992;52:6657-6665.

Mukhtar H, Katiyar S, Agarwal R. Green tea and skin anticarcinogenic effects. J Invest Dermatol. 1994;102:3-7.
Yang C, Wang Z. Tea and cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85:1038-1049.

Komori A, Yatsunami J, Okabe S, et al. Anticarcinogenic activity of green tea polyphenols. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1993;23:186-190.

Cardiovascular

Hofbauer R. et al., The green tea extract epigallocatechin gallate is able to reduce neutrophil transmigration through monolayers of endothelial cells. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1999;111(7):278-282

Liao A, Kao Y-H and Hiipakka RA. Green tea: Biochemical and biological basis for health benefits. Vitamins and Hormones 2001;62:1-94

Locher R. et al., Green tea polyphenols inhibit human vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation stimulated by native low-density lipoprotein. European Journal of Pharmacology 2002;434:1-7

Osada K et al. Tea catechins inhibit cholesterol oxidation accompanying oxidation of low density lipoprotein in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol Part C 2001;128:153 164

Sasazuki S et al. Relationship between green tea consumption and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis among Japanese men and women. Ann Epidemiol 2000;10:401-408

Wiseman SA, Balentine DA, Frei B. Antioxidants in tea, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 1997;37(8):705-718

Yang F. et al., Green tea polyphenols block endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor - production and lethality in a murine model. J Nutr 1998;128:2334-2340

Dufresne CJ and Farnworth AR. A review of latest research findings on the health promotion properties of tea. J Nutr Biochem 2001;12:404-421

Kang W-S et al. Antithrombotic activities of green tea catechins and (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate. Thromb Res 1999;96:229-237

Sato Y et al. Possible contribution of green tea drinking habits to the prevention of stroke. Tohuku J Exp Med 1989;157:337-343

Mukamal, K. et. al. Steeped in research: Tea linked to survival after heart attack. Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.  May 2002.

Imai, K. And Nakachi, K. (1995). Cross-sectional study of the effects of drinking green tea on cardiovascular and liver diseases.Brit. Med. J., 310 : 693-696.

Hertog, M.G. et al. (1993) Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: The Zutphen elderly study, Lancet, 342: 1007-1011.

Henry, J.P. and Stephens-Larsen, P. (1984) Reduction of chronic psychosocial hypertension in mice by decaffeinated tea. Hypertension, 6:437-444.

Muramatsu, K., Fukuyo, M., & Hara, Y., Effect of green Tea Catechin on Plasma Cholesterol Level in Cholesterol-Fed Rats, J. Nutr.Sci. Vitaminol., vol. 32, pp. 613-622, 1986.

Sagasaka-Mitane, Y., Miwa, M., & Okada, S., Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors in Hot Water Extract of Green Tea, Chem. Pharm. Bull., vol.38(3), pp. 789-793, 1990.

Yang TT, Koo MW. Chinese green tea lowers cholesterol level through an increase in fecal lipid excretion. Life Sci. 2000;66(5):411-23.

Yang TT, Koo MW. Hypocholesterolemic effects of Chinese tea. Pharmacol Res. 1997 Jun;35(6):505-12.

Muramatsu K, Fukuyo M, Hara Y. Effect of green tea catechins on plasma cholesterol level in cholesterol-fed rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1986;32:613-622.

Chisaka T, Matsuda H, Kubomura Y, Mochizuki M, Yamahara J, Fujimura H. The effect of crude drugs on experimental hypercholesterolemia: mode of action of (-) epigallocatechin gallate in tea leaves. Chem Pharm Bull. (Tokyo). 1988;36:227-233.

Kono S, Shinchi K, Wakabayashi K, et al. Relation of green tea consumption to serum lipids and lipoproteins in Japanese men. J Epidemiol. 1996;6:128-133.

Kono S, Shinchi K, Ikeda N, Yanai F, Imanishi K. Green tea consumption and serum lipid profiles: a cross-sectional study in northern Kyushu, Japan. Prev Med. 1992;21:526-531.

Geleijnse JM, et al (1999) Tea flavanoids may protect against atherosclerosis: the Rotterdam study. Arch Intern Med 159; 2170-4

Immune System

Shetty, M. et al (19940 Antibacterial activity of tea (Camellia sinensis) and coffee (Coffee arabica) with special reference to Salmonella typhimurium. J. Commun. Dis. 26 : 147-150.

Ryu, E. (1982) Prophylactic effect of tea on pathogenic microorganism infection to animals and humans. Int. J. Zoonoses. 9 : 126-131.

Horiba, N. et al. (1991) A pilot study of Japanese green tea as a medicament: Antibacterial and bactericidal effects. J. Endod. 17: 122-124.

Hakane, H. and Ono,K. (1989) Differential inhibition of HIV-reverse transcriptase and various DNA and RNA polymerases by some catechin derivatives. Nucleic Acids Research, Symposium series 21, 115.

Hu, Z. (1992) Mitogenic activity of (-) epigallocatechin gallate on B-cells and investigation of structure-function relationship. Int. J. Immunopharmacol. 14 : 1399-1407.

Horiba, N., et al., A Pilot Study of Japanese Green Tea as a Medicament: Antibacterial and Bactericidal Effects, Journal of Endodontic, vol, 17 (3), pp. 122-124, 1991.

Toda M, Okubo S, Ikigai H, et al. The protective activity of tea catechins against experimental infection by Vibrio cholerae O1. Microbiol Immunol. 1992;36:999-1001.

Ahn Y-J, Kawamura T, Kim M, Yamamoto T, Mitsuoka T. Tea polyphenols: selective growth inhibitors of Clostridium spp. Agric Biol Chem. 1991;55:1425-1426.

Takahashi O, Cai Z, Toda M, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Appearance of antibacterial activity of oxacillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the presence of catechin. Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1995;69:1126-1134.

Nakayama M, Suzuki K, Toda M, Okubo S, Hara Y, Shimamura T. Inibition of the infectivity of influenza virus by tea polyphenols. Antiviral Res. 1993;21:289-299.

Mukoyama A, Ushijima H, Nishimura S, et al. Inhibition of rotavirus and enterovirus infections by tea extracts. Jpn J Med Sci Biol. 1991;44:181-186.

Oral Health

Yu, H. Et al. (1995) Effects of several tea components on acid resistance of human tooth enamel. J. Dent. 23: 101-105.

Sakanaka S, Kim M, Taniguchi M, Yamamoto T. Antibacterial substances in Japanese green tea extract against Streptococcus mutans, a cariogenic bacterium. Agric Biol Chem. 1989;53:2307-2311.

Sakanaka S, Aizawa M, Kim M, Yamamoto T. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on growth and cellular adherence of an oral bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1996;60:745-749

Horiba N, Maekawa Y, Ito M, Matsumoto T, Nakamura H. A pilot study of Japanese green tea as a medicament: antibacterial and bactericidal effects. J Endodontics. 1991;17:122-124.

Sakanaka S, et al Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on glucan synthesis and cellular adherence of cariogenic Streptococci. Agri Biol Chem 54; 2925-9, 1990

Otake et al. Anticaries effects of polyphenolic compounds from Japanese green tea. Caries Res. 25, 438-443, 1991

Kawamura & Takeo, Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 36, 463-467, 1989

Yasuda, H. & Arakawa,T. Polyphénols Actualités, No 15, 1996

Hamilton-Miller JMT. Anti-cariogenic properties of tea (Camellia sinensis). J Med Microbiol 2001;50:299-302

Makimura M. et al., Inhibitory effect of tea catechins on collagenase activity. J Periodontol 1993;64:630-36

Weight Loss

Kao Y.,  Hiipakka R.,  Liao S. Modulation of Endocrine Systems and Food Intake by Green Tea Epigallocatechin Gallate. Endocrinology Vol. 141, No. 3 980-987.

Dulloo AG, Duret C, Rohrer D, Girardier L, Mensi N, Fathi M, Chantre P, Vandermander J. Efficacy of a green tea extract rich in catechin polyphenols and caffeine in increasing 24-h energy expenditure and fat oxidation in humans. Am J Clin Nur 1999;70:1040-1045

Dulloo AG, Seydoux J, Girardier L, Chantre P, Vandermander J. Green tea and thermogenesis: interactions between catechin-polyphenols, caffeine and sympathetic activity. Int. J. of Obesity 2000;24:252-258

Hase T, Komine Y, Meguro S, Takeda Y, Takahashi H, Matsui Y, Inaoka S, Katsuragi Y, Tokimitsu I, Shimasaki H, Itakura H. Anti-obesity effect of tea catechins in humans. J Oleo Sci 2001;50:599-605

Chih-Hsing Wu, et al. Relationship among Habitual Tea Consumption, Percent Body Fat, and Body Fat Distribution. Obesity Research 11:1088-1095 (2003)

Tomonori Nagao, et. al. Ingestion of a tea rich in catechins leads to a reduction in body fat and malondialdehyde-modified LDL in men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 81, No. 1, 122-129, January 2005.

Juhel C, Armand M, Pafumi Y, et al. Green tea extract (AR25) inhibits lipolysis of triglycerides in gastric and duodenal medium in vitro. J Nutr Biochem 2000;11:45–51.

Chantre P, Lairon D. Recent findings of green tea extract AR25 (Exolise) and its activity for the treatment of obesity. Phytomedicine 2002;9:3–8.

Sayama K, Lin S, Zheng G, Oguni I. Effects of green tea on growth, food utilization and lipid metabolism in mice. In Vivo. 2000 Jul-Aug;14(4):481-4.

Tokimitsu, I. Effects of Tea Catechins on Lipid Metabolism and Body Fat Accumulation. 2003. Symposium on Chemistry and Mechanisms of Action of Tea in Disease Prevention. American Chemical Society Meeting, New York City, Sept. 7-11, 2003.

Wu, Chih-Hsing et al. 2003. Relationship among Habitual Tea Consumption, Percent Body Fat, and Body Fat. Obesity Research 11: 1088-1095.

Hase, Tadashi et al. 2001. Anti-obesity Effects of Tea Catechins in Humans. J. Oleo Sci. 50: 599.

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Last Updated 10/13/2008